Missing Write Protection for Parametric Data Values

Hardware systems use sensors to monitor critical limits for temperature, power, voltage, and other operational parameters. Trusted firmware like the BIOS typically sets and protects these safety thresholds. However, the raw data from sensors often needs to be scaled using conversion parameters to produce meaningful values (like degrees Celsius or volts). The core issue is that while the final safety limits are often locked down, these underlying scaling factors are left exposed and writable. By manipulating these unprotected scaling parameters, an attacker can distort the sensor's reported values. For example, they could make a dangerously high temperature appear within a normal range. This bypasses the intended safety checks, allowing the system to operate outside its safe design limits, which can cause physical damage to components or lead to a complete operational failure.