This vulnerability occurs when a system's random number generator produces values that, after observing previous outputs, allow an attacker to predict a limited range for the next value.
A secure random number generator should produce completely unpredictable sequences. When outputs follow a detectable pattern or trend—even if the exact next number isn't known—attackers can drastically reduce the number of possibilities they need to test in a brute-force attack. For example, if a generator always produces increasing numbers between 1 and 100, and the last observed value was 80, an attacker knows the next value must be between 81 and 100. Instead of testing 100 possibilities, they only need to try 20, making the system far easier to compromise.
Impact: Varies by Context
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks