CWE-610 Classe Brouillon

Externally Controlled Reference to a Resource in Another Sphere

This vulnerability occurs when an application uses user-supplied input to reference a resource located outside its intended security boundary, allowing attackers to redirect operations to unintended…

Définition

What is CWE-610?

This flaw typically happens when developers treat all resource identifiers (like filenames, URLs, or keys) as safe, even when they come from untrusted sources like user input, configuration files, or API responses. Attackers exploit this by injecting paths or references that "escape" the application's intended directory, server, or cloud environment—often using sequences like `../` to traverse directories or full URLs to external systems. The core issue is a failure to validate that a referenced resource actually resides within the allowed security sphere before accessing it. To prevent this, always validate and sanitize all resource references against an allow-list of permitted locations. Implement strict access controls and use mechanisms like chroot jails, container boundaries, or signed URLs to enforce isolation. Never rely solely on input filtering; instead, design your system to map user-provided identifiers to actual resources through an indirect reference map or lookup table that you fully control.

Impact réel

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-610

CVE-2022-3032

An email client does not block loading of remote objects in a nested document.
CVE-2022-45918

Chain: a learning management tool debugger uses external input to locate previous session logs (CWE-73) and does not properly validate the given path (CWE-20), allowing for filesystem path traversal using "../" sequences (CWE-24)
CVE-2018-1000613

Cryptography API uses unsafe reflection when deserializing a private key
CVE-2020-11053

Chain: Go-based Oauth2 reverse proxy can send the authenticated user to another site at the end of the authentication flow. A redirect URL with HTML-encoded whitespace characters can bypass the validation (CWE-1289) to redirect to a malicious site (CWE-601)
CVE-2022-42745

Recruiter software allows reading arbitrary files using XXE
CVE-2004-2331

Database system allows attackers to bypass sandbox restrictions by using the Reflection API.

Comment les attaquants l'exploitent

Parcours de l'attaquant étape par étape

1
The following code is a Java servlet that will receive a GET request with a url parameter in the request to redirect the browser to the address specified in the url parameter. The servlet will retrieve the url parameter value from the request and send a response to redirect the browser to the url address.
2
The problem with this Java servlet code is that an attacker could use the RedirectServlet as part of an e-mail phishing scam to redirect users to a malicious site. An attacker could send an HTML formatted e-mail directing the user to log into their account by including in the e-mail the following link:
3
The user may assume that the link is safe since the URL starts with their trusted bank, bank.example.com. However, the user will then be redirected to the attacker's web site (attacker.example.net) which the attacker may have made to appear very similar to bank.example.com. The user may then unwittingly enter credentials into the attacker's web page and compromise their bank account. A Java servlet should never redirect a user to a URL without verifying that the redirect address is a trusted site.

Exemple de code vulnérable

Vulnerable Java

The following code is a Java servlet that will receive a GET request with a url parameter in the request to redirect the browser to the address specified in the url parameter. The servlet will retrieve the url parameter value from the request and send a response to redirect the browser to the url address.

Vulnérable Java

public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
  		protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
  			String query = request.getQueryString();
  			if (query.contains("url")) {
  				String url = request.getParameter("url");
  				response.sendRedirect(url);
  			}
  		}
  }

Charge utile de l'attaquant

The problem with this Java servlet code is that an attacker could use the RedirectServlet as part of an e-mail phishing scam to redirect users to a malicious site. An attacker could send an HTML formatted e-mail directing the user to log into their account by including in the e-mail the following link:

Charge utile de l'attaquant HTML

<a href="http://bank.example.com/redirect?url=http://attacker.example.net">Click here to log in</a>

Exemple de code sécurisé

Secure pseudo

Sécurisé pseudo

// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}

What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.

Liste de contrôle de prévention

How to prevent CWE-610

Architecture Use safe-by-default frameworks and APIs that prevent the unsafe pattern from being expressible.
Implementation Validate input at trust boundaries; use allowlists, not denylists.
Implementation Apply the principle of least privilege to credentials, file paths, and runtime permissions.
Testing Cover this weakness in CI: SAST rules + targeted unit tests for the data flow.
Operation Monitor logs for the runtime signals listed in the next section.

Signaux de détection

How to detect CWE-610

SAST High

Exécuter une analyse statique (SAST) sur le code source à la recherche du motif non sécurisé dans le flux de données.

DAST Moderate

Exécuter des tests de sécurité applicative dynamique (DAST) contre le point de terminaison en ligne.

Runtime Moderate

Surveiller les journaux runtime pour détecter des traces d'exception inhabituelles, des entrées malformées ou des tentatives de contournement d'autorisation.

Code review Moderate

Revue de code : signaler tout nouveau code qui traite les entrées de cette surface sans utiliser les helpers du framework validés.

Correction automatique Plexicus

Plexicus détecte automatiquement CWE-610 et ouvre une PR de correction en moins de 60 secondes.

Codex Remedium analyse chaque commit, identifie cette faiblesse précise et livre une pull request prête à être relue avec le correctif. Pas de tickets. Pas de transferts.

Obtenir une démo Essayer Plexicus gratuitement

Questions fréquentes

Frequently asked questions

Qu'est-ce que CWE-610 ?

Quelle est la gravité de CWE-610 ?

MITRE n'a pas publié de note de probabilité d'exploitation pour cette faiblesse. Traitez-la comme un impact moyen jusqu'à ce que votre modèle de menace prouve le contraire.

Quels langages ou plateformes sont affectés par CWE-610 ?

MITRE n'a pas spécifié les plateformes affectées pour ce CWE — il peut s'appliquer à la plupart des stacks applicatives.

Comment puis-je prévenir CWE-610 ?

Use safe-by-default frameworks, validate untrusted input at trust boundaries, and apply the principle of least privilege. Cover the data-flow signature in CI with SAST.

Comment Plexicus détecte et corrige CWE-610 ?

Le moteur SAST de Plexicus reconnaît la signature de flux de données de CWE-610 à chaque commit. Lorsqu'une correspondance est trouvée, notre agent Codex Remedium ouvre une PR de correction avec le code corrigé, les tests et un résumé d'une ligne pour le relecteur.

Où puis-je en savoir plus sur CWE-610 ?

MITRE publie la définition canonique à https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/610.html. Vous pouvez également consulter la documentation OWASP et NIST pour des conseils adjacents.

Faiblesses associées

Weaknesses related to CWE-610

CWE-664 Parent

Improper Control of a Resource Through its Lifetime

This vulnerability occurs when software fails to properly manage a resource throughout its entire lifecycle—from creation and active use…

CWE-118 Frère

Incorrect Access of Indexable Resource ('Range Error')

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CWE-1229 Frère

Creation of Emergent Resource

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CWE-1250 Frère

Improper Preservation of Consistency Between Independent Representations of Shared State

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CWE-1329 Frère

Reliance on Component That is Not Updateable

This vulnerability occurs when a product depends on a component that cannot be updated or patched to fix security flaws or critical bugs.

CWE-221 Frère

Information Loss or Omission

This weakness occurs when an application fails to log critical security events or records them inaccurately, which can misguide security…

CWE-372 Frère

Incomplete Internal State Distinction

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CWE-400 Frère

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

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CWE-404 Frère

Improper Resource Shutdown or Release

This vulnerability occurs when a program fails to properly close or release a system resource—like a file handle, database connection, or…

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