Scans code for missing error handling or feedback mechanisms.
CWE-1429 Base Incompleto
Missing Security-Relevant Feedback for Unexecuted Operations in Hardware Interface
This vulnerability occurs when a hardware interface discards operations without providing any security-relevant feedback, such as error notifications or logs. This silence prevents the timely…
Definição
What is CWE-1429?
This vulnerability occurs when a hardware interface discards operations without providing any security-relevant feedback, such as error notifications or logs. This silence prevents the timely detection of critical failures or active attacks, leaving systems vulnerable to undetected compromise.
Hardware interfaces that silently discard operations create a dangerous blind spot. While suppressing feedback can sometimes be a legitimate security tactic—like preventing attackers from learning internal system details—it becomes a major weakness when it also hides operational failures. Without proper error handling or logging, cryptographic failures, unauthorized access attempts, or system malfunctions can go completely unnoticed, leading to data loss, instability, and hidden security breaches.
For developers, the challenge is balancing security through obscurity with the operational need for actionable diagnostics. You must implement controlled feedback mechanisms—like secure internal logging or privileged error channels—that alert authorized systems without leaking sensitive data to potential attackers. Managing these feedback loops across complex hardware/software stacks is difficult; an ASPM like Plexicus can help by correlating system behaviors to identify where critical operations are failing silently and suggesting targeted remediations.
Impacto no mundo real
Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1429
-
Open source silicon root of trust (RoT) product does not immediately report when an integrity check fails for memory requests, causing the product to accept and continue processing data [REF-1468]
Como os atacantes a exploram
Trajeto do atacante passo a passo
- 1
This code creates an interrupt handler. If the interrupt's priority is lower than the currently active one, the interrupt is discarded without any feedback, perhaps due to resource constraints.
- 2
The omission of feedback for the dropped lower-priority interrupt can cause developers to misinterpret the state of the system, leading to incorrect assumptions and potential system failures, such as missed sensor readings. Attackers might leverage this lack of visibility to induce conditions that lead to timing side-channels. For example, an attacker could intentionally flood the system with high-priority interrupts, forcing the system to discard lower-priority interrupts consistently. If these discarded interrupts correspond to processes executing critical security functions (e.g., cryptographic key handling), an attacker might measure system timing variations to infer when and how those functions are executing. This creates a timing side channel that could be used to extract sensitive information. Moreover, since these lower-priority interrupts are not reported, the system remains unaware that critical tasks such as sensor data collection or maintenance routines, are being starved of execution. Over time, this can lead to functional failures or watchdog time resets in real-time systems. One way to address this problem could be to use structured logging to provide visibility into discarded interrupts. This allows administrators, developers, or other authorized entities to track missed interrupts and optimize the system.
- 3
Consider a SoC design with these component IPs: IP 1. Execution Core IP 2 SoC Fabric (NoC, tile etc. ) IP 3 Memory Controller External/ internal memory. The Core executes operations that trigger transactions that traverse the HW fabric links to read/write to the final memory module. There can be unexpected errors in each link. For adding reliability and redundance, features like ECCs are used in these transactions. Error correction capabilities have to define how many error bits can be detected and which errors can be corrected, and which are uncorrectable errors. In design, often the severity level and response on different errors is allowed to be configured by system firmware modules like BIOS.
- 4
For system security, if an uncorrectable error occurs but is not reported to the execution core and handled before the core attempts to consume the data that is read/written through the corrupted transactions, then this could enable silent data corruption (SDC) attacks. In the case of confidential compute technologies where system firmware is not a trusted component, error handling controls can be misconfigured to trigger this weakness and attack the assets protected by confidential compute.
Exemplo de código vulnerável
Vulnerable C
This code creates an interrupt handler. If the interrupt's priority is lower than the currently active one, the interrupt is discarded without any feedback, perhaps due to resource constraints.
void interrupt_handler(int irq) {
```
if (irq_priority[irq] < current_priority) {
return;
}
process_interrupt(irq);
} Exemplo de código seguro
Secure C
The omission of feedback for the dropped lower-priority interrupt can cause developers to misinterpret the state of the system, leading to incorrect assumptions and potential system failures, such as missed sensor readings. Attackers might leverage this lack of visibility to induce conditions that lead to timing side-channels. For example, an attacker could intentionally flood the system with high-priority interrupts, forcing the system to discard lower-priority interrupts consistently. If these discarded interrupts correspond to processes executing critical security functions (e.g., cryptographic key handling), an attacker might measure system timing variations to infer when and how those functions are executing. This creates a timing side channel that could be used to extract sensitive information. Moreover, since these lower-priority interrupts are not reported, the system remains unaware that critical tasks such as sensor data collection or maintenance routines, are being starved of execution. Over time, this can lead to functional failures or watchdog time resets in real-time systems. One way to address this problem could be to use structured logging to provide visibility into discarded interrupts. This allows administrators, developers, or other authorized entities to track missed interrupts and optimize the system.
// Priority threshold for active interrupts
int current_priority = 3;
// Simulated priority levels for different IRQs
int irq_priority[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
void process_interrupt(int irq) {
```
printf("Processing interrupt %d\n", irq);
}
void interrupt_handler(int irq) {
if (irq_priority[irq] < current_priority) {
// Log the dropped interrupt using structured feedback
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Interrupt %d dropped (Priority: %d < Current: %d)\n",
irq, irq_priority[irq], current_priority);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); // Exit with failure status to indicate a critical issue.
}
process_interrupt(irq);
} What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção
How to prevent CWE-1429
- Architecture and Design Incorporate logging and feedback mechanisms during the design phase to ensure proper handling of discarded operations.
- Implementation Developers should ensure that every critical operation includes proper logging or error feedback mechanisms.
Sinais de deteção
How to detect CWE-1429
Experts manually inspect the code for unhandled operations.
O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-1429 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.
O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.
Perguntas frequentes O que é o CWE-1429?
Qual a gravidade do CWE-1429?
Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-1429?
Como posso prevenir o CWE-1429?
Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-1429?
Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-1429?
Frequently asked questions
O que é o CWE-1429?
This vulnerability occurs when a hardware interface discards operations without providing any security-relevant feedback, such as error notifications or logs. This silence prevents the timely detection of critical failures or active attacks, leaving systems vulnerable to undetected compromise.
Qual a gravidade do CWE-1429?
A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.
Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-1429?
MITRE lists the following affected platforms: C, C++, Verilog, Hardware Description Language, ARM, x86, Embedded, Security Hardware.
Como posso prevenir o CWE-1429?
Incorporate logging and feedback mechanisms during the design phase to ensure proper handling of discarded operations. Developers should ensure that every critical operation includes proper logging or error feedback mechanisms.
Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-1429?
O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-1429 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.
Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-1429?
A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1429.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.
Fraquezas relacionadas
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