CWE-653 Classe Rascunho

Improper Isolation or Compartmentalization

This vulnerability occurs when an application fails to enforce strong boundaries between components that operate at different security levels, allowing lower-privileged functions to improperly…

Definição

What is CWE-653?

This vulnerability occurs when an application fails to enforce strong boundaries between components that operate at different security levels, allowing lower-privileged functions to improperly interact with higher-privileged ones.
At its core, this weakness breaks a fundamental security principle: components with different trust levels should be kept separate. When an application doesn't properly isolate features, data, or processes, a flaw in a low-privilege area can create a bridge that attackers use to reach sensitive, high-privilege areas. Think of it like a building where a broken lock on a janitor's closet somehow gives access to the entire executive suite. For developers, this means that even a minor bug in a user-facing feature can escalate into a major breach if strong compartmentalization isn't in place. To prevent this, you must design clear security boundaries—using mechanisms like process separation, sandboxing, or strict access controls—to ensure that a compromise in one module is contained and cannot spread to more critical parts of the system.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-653

  • CVE-2021-33096

    Improper isolation of shared resource in a network-on-chip leads to denial of service

  • CVE-2019-6260

    Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) device implements Advanced High-performance Bus (AHB) bridges that do not require authentication for arbitrary read and write access to the BMC's physical address space from the host, and possibly the network [REF-1138].

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    Identificar um caminho de código que trata input não confiável sem validação.

  2. 2

    Criar um payload que explora o comportamento inseguro — injeção, traversal, overflow ou abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Entregar o payload através de um pedido normal e observar a reação da aplicação.

  4. 4

    Iterar até que a resposta exponha dados, execute código do atacante ou escale privilégios.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable pseudo

A MITRE não publicou um exemplo de código para este CWE. O padrão abaixo é ilustrativo — consulte os Recursos para referências canónicas.

Vulnerável pseudo 
// Example pattern — see MITRE for the canonical references.
function handleRequest(input) {
  // Untrusted input flows directly into the sensitive sink.
  return executeUnsafe(input);
}
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo 
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-653

  • Architecture and Design Break up privileges between different modules, objects, or entities. Minimize the interfaces between modules and require strong access control between them.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-653

Automated Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode SOAR Partial

According to SOAR, the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Compare binary / bytecode to application permission manifest

Manual Static Analysis - Source Code High

According to SOAR, the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Highly cost effective: ``` Manual Source Code Review (not inspections) ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Focused Manual Spotcheck - Focused manual analysis of source

Architecture or Design Review High

According to SOAR, the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Highly cost effective: ``` Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.) Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Attack Modeling

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-653 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

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Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-653?

This vulnerability occurs when an application fails to enforce strong boundaries between components that operate at different security levels, allowing lower-privileged functions to improperly interact with higher-privileged ones.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-653?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-653?

A MITRE não especificou as plataformas afetadas por este CWE — pode aplicar-se à maioria das stacks de aplicações.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-653?

Break up privileges between different modules, objects, or entities. Minimize the interfaces between modules and require strong access control between them.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-653?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-653 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-653?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/653.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

Weaknesses related to CWE-653

CWE-657 Pai

Violation of Secure Design Principles

This weakness occurs when a system's architecture or design fails to follow fundamental security principles, creating a flawed foundation…

CWE-1192 Irmão

Improper Identifier for IP Block used in System-On-Chip (SOC)

This weakness occurs when a System-on-Chip (SoC) lacks a secure, unique, and permanent identifier for its internal hardware components (IP…

CWE-1395 Irmão

Dependency on Vulnerable Third-Party Component

This vulnerability occurs when your software relies on an external library, framework, or module that contains known security flaws.

CWE-250 Irmão

Execution with Unnecessary Privileges

This vulnerability occurs when software runs with higher permissions than it actually needs to perform its tasks. This excessive privilege…

CWE-636 Irmão

Not Failing Securely ('Failing Open')

This vulnerability occurs when a system, upon encountering an error or failure, defaults to its least secure configuration instead of a…

CWE-637 Irmão

Unnecessary Complexity in Protection Mechanism (Not Using 'Economy of Mechanism')

This weakness occurs when a security feature is implemented with excessive complexity, creating unnecessary risk. Overly intricate…

CWE-638 Irmão

Not Using Complete Mediation

This vulnerability occurs when software fails to verify access permissions every single time a user or process tries to use a resource.…

CWE-654 Irmão

Reliance on a Single Factor in a Security Decision

This vulnerability occurs when a system's security check depends almost entirely on just one condition, object, or piece of data to decide…

CWE-655 Irmão

Insufficient Psychological Acceptability

This weakness occurs when security features are so cumbersome or confusing that well-intentioned users feel forced to turn them off or…

Recursos

Further reading

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