CWE-1275 Variante Incomplet Medium likelihood

Sensitive Cookie with Improper SameSite Attribute

This vulnerability occurs when a sensitive cookie does not have a secure SameSite attribute configured, leaving it exposed to cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks.

Définition

What is CWE-1275?

This vulnerability occurs when a sensitive cookie does not have a secure SameSite attribute configured, leaving it exposed to cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks.
The SameSite cookie attribute is a critical browser security feature that controls whether a cookie is sent with cross-site requests. It has three possible values: 'Strict' (most secure, never sent cross-site), 'Lax' (sent with safe top-level navigation like links), and 'None' (always sent, requiring the Secure flag). When this attribute is omitted or set insecurely for sensitive cookies—like session or authentication tokens—those credentials can be automatically included in malicious cross-site requests, bypassing the browser's default protections. This creates a direct path for CSRF attacks, where an attacker's site can trigger authenticated actions on the target site without the user's consent. While other defenses like anti-CSRF tokens are important, properly configuring SameSite provides a fundamental, browser-enforced layer of security. For maximum protection, set sensitive cookies to 'Strict' or 'Lax' unless a specific cross-site functionality requires 'None', in which case the Secure flag is mandatory.
Impact réel

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1275

  • CVE-2022-24045

    Web application for a room automation system has client-side JavaScript that sets a sensitive cookie without the SameSite security attribute, allowing the cookie to be sniffed

Comment les attaquants l'exploitent

Parcours de l'attaquant étape par étape

  1. 1

    In this example, a cookie is used to store a session ID for a client's interaction with a website. The snippet of code below establishes a new cookie to hold the sessionID.

  2. 2

    Since the sameSite attribute is not specified, the cookie will be sent to the website with each request made by the client. An attacker can potentially perform a CSRF attack by using the following malicious page:

  3. 3

    When the client visits this malicious web page, it submits a '/setEmail' POST HTTP request to the vulnerable website. Since the browser automatically appends the 'sessionid' cookie to the request, the website automatically performs a 'setEmail' action on behalf of the client.

  4. 4

    To mitigate the risk, use the sameSite attribute of the 'sessionid' cookie set to 'Strict'.

Exemple de code vulnérable

Vulnerable JavaScript

In this example, a cookie is used to store a session ID for a client's interaction with a website. The snippet of code below establishes a new cookie to hold the sessionID.

Vulnérable JavaScript 
let sessionId = generateSessionId()
 let cookieOptions = { domain: 'example.com' }
 response.cookie('sessionid', sessionId, cookieOptions)
Charge utile de l'attaquant

Since the sameSite attribute is not specified, the cookie will be sent to the website with each request made by the client. An attacker can potentially perform a CSRF attack by using the following malicious page:

Charge utile de l'attaquant HTML 
<html>

```
   <form id=evil action="http://local:3002/setEmail" method="POST">
  	 <input type="hidden" name="newEmail" value="abc@example.com" />
   </form>
 <script>evil.submit()</script>
 </html>
Exemple de code sécurisé

Secure JavaScript

To mitigate the risk, use the sameSite attribute of the 'sessionid' cookie set to 'Strict'.

Sécurisé JavaScript 
let sessionId = generateSessionId()
 let cookieOptions = { domain: 'example.com', sameSite: 'Strict' }
 response.cookie('sessionid', sessionId, cookieOptions)
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Liste de contrôle de prévention

How to prevent CWE-1275

  • Implementation Set the SameSite attribute of a sensitive cookie to 'Lax' or 'Strict'. This instructs the browser to apply this cookie only to same-domain requests, which provides a good Defense in Depth against CSRF attacks. When the 'Lax' value is in use, cookies are also sent for top-level cross-domain navigation via HTTP GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, and TRACE methods, but not for other HTTP methods that are more like to cause side-effects of state mutation.
Signaux de détection

How to detect CWE-1275

Automated Static Analysis High

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Correction automatique Plexicus

Plexicus détecte automatiquement CWE-1275 et ouvre une PR de correction en moins de 60 secondes.

Codex Remedium analyse chaque commit, identifie cette faiblesse précise et livre une pull request prête à être relue avec le correctif. Pas de tickets. Pas de transferts.

Obtenir une démo Essayer Plexicus gratuitement
Questions fréquentes

Frequently asked questions

Qu'est-ce que CWE-1275 ?

This vulnerability occurs when a sensitive cookie does not have a secure SameSite attribute configured, leaving it exposed to cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks.

Quelle est la gravité de CWE-1275 ?

MITRE évalue la probabilité d'exploitation comme Moyenne — l'exploitation est réaliste mais nécessite généralement des conditions spécifiques.

Quels langages ou plateformes sont affectés par CWE-1275 ?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Not OS-Specific, Not Architecture-Specific, Web Based.

Comment puis-je prévenir CWE-1275 ?

Set the SameSite attribute of a sensitive cookie to 'Lax' or 'Strict'. This instructs the browser to apply this cookie only to same-domain requests, which provides a good Defense in Depth against CSRF attacks. When the 'Lax' value is in use, cookies are also sent for top-level cross-domain navigation via HTTP GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, and TRACE methods, but not for other HTTP methods that are more like to cause side-effects of state mutation.

Comment Plexicus détecte et corrige CWE-1275 ?

Le moteur SAST de Plexicus reconnaît la signature de flux de données de CWE-1275 à chaque commit. Lorsqu'une correspondance est trouvée, notre agent Codex Remedium ouvre une PR de correction avec le code corrigé, les tests et un résumé d'une ligne pour le relecteur.

Où puis-je en savoir plus sur CWE-1275 ?

MITRE publie la définition canonique à https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1275.html. Vous pouvez également consulter la documentation OWASP et NIST pour des conseils adjacents.

Faiblesses associées

Weaknesses related to CWE-1275

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Ressources

Further reading

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