CWE-1319 Base Incomplet

Improper Protection against Electromagnetic Fault Injection (EM-FI)

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware device lacks sufficient shielding against electromagnetic interference, allowing attackers to disrupt its internal operations. By inducing targeted…

Définition

What is CWE-1319?

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware device lacks sufficient shielding against electromagnetic interference, allowing attackers to disrupt its internal operations. By inducing targeted electromagnetic pulses, an attacker can force the device to malfunction, potentially bypassing security checks or leaking sensitive data.
Electromagnetic Fault Injection (EM-FI) is a physical attack where an attacker uses a controlled electromagnetic pulse near a device's integrated circuit. This pulse induces unexpected currents in the chip's wiring, temporarily disrupting normal execution. This manipulation can force the hardware into an erroneous state, allowing an attacker to influence its behavior during critical security operations. Successful EM-FI attacks can have severe consequences, including bypassing secure boot or debug locks, altering program execution to skip authentication, leaking cryptographic keys or other secrets from memory, and corrupting the output of security-critical components like hardware random number generators. These faults are highly localized and precise, often requiring specialized equipment but posing a significant threat to devices accessible to an attacker with physical access.
Impact réel

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1319

  • CVE-2020-27211

    Chain: microcontroller system-on-chip uses a register value stored in flash to set product protection state on the memory bus and does not contain protection against fault injection (CWE-1319) which leads to an incorrect initialization of the memory bus (CWE-1419) causing the product to be in an unprotected state.

Comment les attaquants l'exploitent

Parcours de l'attaquant étape par étape

  1. 1

    Identifier un chemin de code qui traite des entrées non fiables sans validation.

  2. 2

    Élaborer une charge utile qui exploite le comportement non sécurisé — injection, traversal, débordement ou abus de logique.

  3. 3

    Délivrer la charge utile via une requête normale et observer la réaction de l'application.

  4. 4

    Itérer jusqu'à ce que la réponse divulgue des données, exécute le code de l'attaquant ou élève les privilèges.

Exemple de code vulnérable

Vulnerable pseudo

MITRE n'a pas publié d'exemple de code pour ce CWE. Le motif ci-dessous est illustratif — voir Ressources pour les références canoniques.

Vulnérable pseudo 
// Example pattern — see MITRE for the canonical references.
function handleRequest(input) {
  // Untrusted input flows directly into the sensitive sink.
  return executeUnsafe(input);
}
Exemple de code sécurisé

Secure pseudo

Sécurisé pseudo 
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Liste de contrôle de prévention

How to prevent CWE-1319

  • Architecture and Design / Implementation - 1. Redundancy - By replicating critical operations and comparing the two outputs can help indicate whether a fault has been injected. - 2. Error detection and correction codes - Gay, Mael, et al. proposed a new scheme that not only detects faults injected by a malicious adversary but also automatically corrects single nibble/byte errors introduced by low-multiplicity faults. - 3. Fail by default coding - When checking conditions (switch or if) check all possible cases and fail by default because the default case in a switch (or the else part of a cascaded if-else-if construct) is used for dealing with the last possible (and valid) value without checking. This is prone to fault injection because this alternative is easily selected as a result of potential data manipulation [REF-1141]. - 4. Random Behavior - adding random delays before critical operations, so that timing is not predictable. - 5. Program Flow Integrity Protection - The program flow can be secured by integrating run-time checking aiming at detecting control flow inconsistencies. One such example is tagging the source code to indicate the points not to be bypassed [REF-1147]. - 6. Sensors - Usage of sensors can detect variations in voltage and current. - 7. Shields - physical barriers to protect the chips from malicious manipulation.
Signaux de détection

How to detect CWE-1319

SAST High

Exécuter une analyse statique (SAST) sur le code source à la recherche du motif non sécurisé dans le flux de données.

DAST Moderate

Exécuter des tests de sécurité applicative dynamique (DAST) contre le point de terminaison en ligne.

Runtime Moderate

Surveiller les journaux runtime pour détecter des traces d'exception inhabituelles, des entrées malformées ou des tentatives de contournement d'autorisation.

Code review Moderate

Revue de code : signaler tout nouveau code qui traite les entrées de cette surface sans utiliser les helpers du framework validés.

Correction automatique Plexicus

Plexicus détecte automatiquement CWE-1319 et ouvre une PR de correction en moins de 60 secondes.

Codex Remedium analyse chaque commit, identifie cette faiblesse précise et livre une pull request prête à être relue avec le correctif. Pas de tickets. Pas de transferts.

Obtenir une démo Essayer Plexicus gratuitement
Questions fréquentes

Frequently asked questions

Qu'est-ce que CWE-1319 ?

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware device lacks sufficient shielding against electromagnetic interference, allowing attackers to disrupt its internal operations. By inducing targeted electromagnetic pulses, an attacker can force the device to malfunction, potentially bypassing security checks or leaking sensitive data.

Quelle est la gravité de CWE-1319 ?

MITRE n'a pas publié de note de probabilité d'exploitation pour cette faiblesse. Traitez-la comme un impact moyen jusqu'à ce que votre modèle de menace prouve le contraire.

Quels langages ou plateformes sont affectés par CWE-1319 ?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Not OS-Specific, Not Architecture-Specific, System on Chip, Microcontroller Hardware, Memory Hardware, Power Management Hardware, Processor Hardware, Test/Debug Hardware.

Comment puis-je prévenir CWE-1319 ?

- 1. Redundancy - By replicating critical operations and comparing the two outputs can help indicate whether a fault has been injected. - 2. Error detection and correction codes - Gay, Mael, et al. proposed a new scheme that not only detects faults injected by a malicious adversary but also automatically corrects single nibble/byte errors introduced by low-multiplicity faults. - 3. Fail by default coding - When checking conditions (switch or if) check all possible cases and fail by default…

Comment Plexicus détecte et corrige CWE-1319 ?

Le moteur SAST de Plexicus reconnaît la signature de flux de données de CWE-1319 à chaque commit. Lorsqu'une correspondance est trouvée, notre agent Codex Remedium ouvre une PR de correction avec le code corrigé, les tests et un résumé d'une ligne pour le relecteur.

Où puis-je en savoir plus sur CWE-1319 ?

MITRE publie la définition canonique à https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1319.html. Vous pouvez également consulter la documentation OWASP et NIST pour des conseils adjacents.

Faiblesses associées

Weaknesses related to CWE-1319

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Ressources

Further reading

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