CWE-1249 Base Incompleto

Application-Level Admin Tool with Inconsistent View of Underlying Operating System

This vulnerability occurs when an administrative tool (like a web interface or API) fails to accurately display the true state of the underlying operating system it manages. The tool's view becomes…

Definição

What is CWE-1249?

This vulnerability occurs when an administrative tool (like a web interface or API) fails to accurately display the true state of the underlying operating system it manages. The tool's view becomes inconsistent with reality, hiding critical resources like user accounts, processes, or files from the administrator.
Administrative tools for cloud platforms, network devices, or IoT systems often manage OS-level resources like user accounts. A critical security gap emerges when this management layer loses synchronization with the actual OS state. For instance, if an attacker adds a user account directly to the OS, this 'ghost account' might remain invisible in the admin panel. This discrepancy allows malicious activity to go undetected, as administrators rely on an incomplete and misleading view of their system's security posture. Attackers exploit this weakness by creating persistent backdoor accounts, often by chaining it with other vulnerabilities like command injection or logic flaws. A rogue administrator could also hide accounts for later use. Since the management tool doesn't reflect these changes, standard administrative reviews won't uncover them, allowing threats to persist undetected. Ensuring the management application's data model is always synchronized with a single, authoritative source of truth in the OS is essential for maintaining visibility and control.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1249

Ainda não há referências CVE públicas associadas a este CWE no catálogo da MITRE.

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    Suppose that an attacker successfully gains root privileges on a Linux system and adds a new 'user2' account:

  2. 2

    This new user2 account would not be noticed on the web interface, if the interface does not refresh its data of available users.

  3. 3

    It could be argued that for this specific example, an attacker with root privileges would be likely to compromise the admin tool or otherwise feed it with false data. However, this example shows how the discrepancy in critical data can help attackers to escape detection.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable Other

Suppose that an attacker successfully gains root privileges on a Linux system and adds a new 'user2' account:

Vulnerável Other 
echo "user2:x:0:0::/root:/" >> /etc/passwd;
  echo "user2:\$6\$IdvyrM6VJnG8Su5U\$1gmW3Nm.IO4vxTQDQ1C8urm72JCadOHZQwqiH/nRtL8dPY80xS4Ovsv5bPCMWnXKKWwmsocSWXupUf17LB3oS.:17256:0:99999:7:::" >> /etc/shadow;
Payload do atacante

Suppose that an attacker successfully gains root privileges on a Linux system and adds a new 'user2' account:

Payload do atacante Other 
echo "user2:x:0:0::/root:/" >> /etc/passwd;
  echo "user2:\$6\$IdvyrM6VJnG8Su5U\$1gmW3Nm.IO4vxTQDQ1C8urm72JCadOHZQwqiH/nRtL8dPY80xS4Ovsv5bPCMWnXKKWwmsocSWXupUf17LB3oS.:17256:0:99999:7:::" >> /etc/shadow;
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo 
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-1249

  • Architecture and Design Ensure that the admin tool refreshes its model of the underlying OS on a regular basis, and note any inconsistencies with configuration files or other data sources that are expected to have the same data.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-1249

SAST High

Executar análise estática (SAST) na base de código à procura do padrão inseguro no fluxo de dados.

DAST Moderate

Executar testes dinâmicos de segurança de aplicações (DAST) contra o endpoint em execução.

Runtime Moderate

Monitorizar os registos em tempo de execução para traços de exceção invulgares, input malformado ou tentativas de contornar a autorização.

Code review Moderate

Revisão de código: sinalizar qualquer novo código que trate input desta superfície sem usar os ajudantes validados do framework.

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-1249 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

Obter uma demonstração Experimente o Plexicus gratuitamente
Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-1249?

This vulnerability occurs when an administrative tool (like a web interface or API) fails to accurately display the true state of the underlying operating system it manages. The tool's view becomes inconsistent with reality, hiding critical resources like user accounts, processes, or files from the administrator.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-1249?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-1249?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Not OS-Specific, Web Based.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-1249?

Ensure that the admin tool refreshes its model of the underlying OS on a regular basis, and note any inconsistencies with configuration files or other data sources that are expected to have the same data.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-1249?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-1249 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-1249?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1249.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

Weaknesses related to CWE-1249

CWE-1250 Pai

Improper Preservation of Consistency Between Independent Representations of Shared State

This vulnerability occurs when a system with multiple independent components (like distributed services or separate hardware units) each…

CWE-1251 Irmão

Mirrored Regions with Different Values

This vulnerability occurs when a system maintains duplicate copies of data or resources (like cached memory or shadow registers) but fails…

Recursos

Further reading

Pronto quando você estiver

Pare de pagar por desenvolvedor.
Comece a fechar o ciclo.

O Plexicus é o ASPM nativo de IA que verifica, filtra, corrige, pentesta e explica — de forma autónoma. Programadores ilimitados, repos ilimitados, ações de IA de utilização justa. Nível gratuito real, €269/mo anual quando estiver pronto.

Começar grátis Reservar uma demo