CWE-1311 Base Rascunho

Improper Translation of Security Attributes by Fabric Bridge

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware bridge incorrectly converts security attributes between different fabric protocols, potentially changing a transaction's identity from trusted to untrusted…

Definição

What is CWE-1311?

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware bridge incorrectly converts security attributes between different fabric protocols, potentially changing a transaction's identity from trusted to untrusted or vice versa during protocol translation.
Hardware systems often integrate components that use different communication protocols (like AHB, AXI, or OCP), requiring bridges to translate between them. These protocols use dedicated signals (such as HPROT, AxPROT, or MReqInfo) to carry critical security metadata—including the initiating controller's hardware identity, privilege level, and transaction type. The bridge must accurately preserve this security context during conversion. When the bridge misinterprets or incorrectly maps these security attributes, it can fundamentally alter a transaction's trust level. An untrusted initiator might be incorrectly labeled as trusted, or vice versa, leading to severe consequences like privilege escalation, access control bypass, or denial of service by allowing unauthorized access to protected system resources.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1311

Ainda não há referências CVE públicas associadas a este CWE no catálogo da MITRE.

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    Identificar um caminho de código que trata input não confiável sem validação.

  2. 2

    Criar um payload que explora o comportamento inseguro — injeção, traversal, overflow ou abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Entregar o payload através de um pedido normal e observar a reação da aplicação.

  4. 4

    Iterar até que a resposta exponha dados, execute código do atacante ou escale privilégios.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable Verilog

The bridge interfaces between OCP and AHB end points. OCP uses MReqInfo signal to indicate security attributes, whereas AHB uses HPROT signal to indicate the security attributes. The width of MReqInfo can be customized as needed. In this example, MReqInfo is 5-bits wide and carries the privilege level of the OCP controller. The values 5'h11, 5'h10, 5'h0F, 5'h0D, 5'h0C, 5'h0B, 5'h09, 5'h08, 5'h04, and 5'h02 in MReqInfo indicate that the request is coming from a privileged state of the OCP bus controller. Values 5'h1F, 5'h0E, and 5'h00 indicate untrusted, privilege state. Though HPROT is a 5-bit signal, we only consider the lower, two bits in this example. HPROT values 2'b00 and 2'b10 are considered trusted, and 2'b01 and 2'b11 are considered untrusted. The OCP2AHB bridge is expected to translate trusted identities on the controller side to trusted identities on the responder side. Similarly, it is expected to translate untrusted identities on the controller side to untrusted identities on the responder side.

Vulnerável Verilog
module ocp2ahb
 ( 

```
   ahb_hprot, 
   ocp_mreqinfo 
 ); 
 output [1:0] ahb_hprot; // output is 2 bit signal for AHB HPROT
 input [4:0] ocp_mreqinfo; // input is 5 bit signal from OCP MReqInfo
 wire [6:0] p0_mreqinfo_o_temp; // OCP signal that transmits hardware identity of bus controller
 wire y;
 reg [1:0] ahb_hprot;
 // hardware identity of bus controller is in bits 5:1 of p0_mreqinfo_o_temp signal
 assign p0_mreqinfo_o_temp[6:0] = {1'b0, ocp_mreqinfo[4:0], y};
 always @*
 begin
   case (p0_mreqinfo_o_temp[4:2])
  	 000: ahb_hprot = 2'b11; // OCP MReqInfo to AHB HPROT mapping
  	 001: ahb_hprot = 2'b00;
  	 010: ahb_hprot = 2'b00;
  	 011: ahb_hprot = 2'b01;
  	 100: ahb_hprot = 2'b00;
  	 101: ahb_hprot = 2'b00;
  	 110: ahb_hprot = 2'b10;
  	 111: ahb_hprot = 2'b00;
   endcase
 end
 endmodule
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-1311

  • Architecture and Design The translation must map signals in such a way that untrusted agents cannot map to trusted agents or vice-versa.
  • Implementation Ensure that the translation maps signals in such a way that untrusted agents cannot map to trusted agents or vice-versa.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-1311

SAST High

Executar análise estática (SAST) na base de código à procura do padrão inseguro no fluxo de dados.

DAST Moderate

Executar testes dinâmicos de segurança de aplicações (DAST) contra o endpoint em execução.

Runtime Moderate

Monitorizar os registos em tempo de execução para traços de exceção invulgares, input malformado ou tentativas de contornar a autorização.

Code review Moderate

Revisão de código: sinalizar qualquer novo código que trate input desta superfície sem usar os ajudantes validados do framework.

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-1311 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-1311?

This vulnerability occurs when a hardware bridge incorrectly converts security attributes between different fabric protocols, potentially changing a transaction's identity from trusted to untrusted or vice versa during protocol translation.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-1311?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-1311?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Verilog, VHDL, Not Technology-Specific.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-1311?

The translation must map signals in such a way that untrusted agents cannot map to trusted agents or vice-versa. Ensure that the translation maps signals in such a way that untrusted agents cannot map to trusted agents or vice-versa.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-1311?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-1311 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-1311?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1311.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

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