CWE-245 Variante Rascunho

J2EE Bad Practices: Direct Management of Connections

This vulnerability occurs when a J2EE application handles database connections directly instead of using the container's built-in connection management system.

Definição

What is CWE-245?

This vulnerability occurs when a J2EE application handles database connections directly instead of using the container's built-in connection management system.
J2EE standards explicitly prohibit applications from managing their own database connections. Instead, developers must use the container's resource management facilities to obtain connections. Every major J2EE container provides robust, pooled connection management as part of its core framework—bypassing this system violates the platform's fundamental architecture. Recreating connection pooling within an application is both complex and prone to critical errors like connection leaks, improper cleanup, and performance bottlenecks. Using the container's proven management layer eliminates these risks while ensuring optimal resource utilization, which is precisely why direct connection management is considered a bad practice and security vulnerability.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-245

Ainda não há referências CVE públicas associadas a este CWE no catálogo da MITRE.

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    Identificar um caminho de código que trata input não confiável sem validação.

  2. 2

    Criar um payload que explora o comportamento inseguro — injeção, traversal, overflow ou abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Entregar o payload através de um pedido normal e observar a reação da aplicação.

  4. 4

    Iterar até que a resposta exponha dados, execute código do atacante ou escale privilégios.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable Java

In the following example, the class DatabaseConnection opens and manages a connection to a database for a J2EE application. The method openDatabaseConnection opens a connection to the database using a DriverManager to create the Connection object conn to the database specified in the string constant CONNECT_STRING.

Vulnerável Java 
public class DatabaseConnection {
  		private static final String CONNECT_STRING = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysqldb";
  		private Connection conn = null;
  		public DatabaseConnection() {
  		}
  		public void openDatabaseConnection() {
  			try {
  				conn = DriverManager.getConnection(CONNECT_STRING);
  			} catch (SQLException ex) {...}
  		}
  		// Member functions for retrieving database connection and accessing database
  		...
  }
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure Java

The use of the DriverManager class to directly manage the connection to the database violates the J2EE restriction against the direct management of connections. The J2EE application should use the web application container's resource management facilities to obtain a connection to the database as shown in the following example.

Seguro Java 
public class DatabaseConnection {
  		private static final String DB_DATASRC_REF = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysqldb";
  		private Connection conn = null;
  		public DatabaseConnection() {
  		}
  		public void openDatabaseConnection() {
  				try {
  						InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext();
  						DataSource datasource = (DataSource) ctx.lookup(DB_DATASRC_REF);
  						conn = datasource.getConnection();
  				} catch (NamingException ex) {...}
  				} catch (SQLException ex) {...}
  		}
  		// Member functions for retrieving database connection and accessing database
  		...
  }
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-245

  • Architecture Use safe-by-default frameworks and APIs that prevent the unsafe pattern from being expressible.
  • Implementation Validate input at trust boundaries; use allowlists, not denylists.
  • Implementation Apply the principle of least privilege to credentials, file paths, and runtime permissions.
  • Testing Cover this weakness in CI: SAST rules + targeted unit tests for the data flow.
  • Operation Monitor logs for the runtime signals listed in the next section.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-245

Automated Static Analysis High

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-245 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

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Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-245?

This vulnerability occurs when a J2EE application handles database connections directly instead of using the container's built-in connection management system.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-245?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-245?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Java.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-245?

Use safe-by-default frameworks, validate untrusted input at trust boundaries, and apply the principle of least privilege. Cover the data-flow signature in CI with SAST.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-245?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-245 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-245?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/245.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

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Recursos

Further reading

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