CWE-514 Classe Incompleto

Covert Channel

A covert channel is a hidden communication path that allows data to be transmitted in a way that bypasses the system's intended security controls and monitoring.

Definição

What is CWE-514?

A covert channel is a hidden communication path that allows data to be transmitted in a way that bypasses the system's intended security controls and monitoring.
Covert channels work by exploiting legitimate system features—like timing, storage patterns, or resource usage—to secretly encode and transfer information. Attackers or malicious processes use these channels to exfiltrate data, coordinate actions, or maintain persistence without triggering standard security alerts, effectively hiding in plain sight. From a developer's perspective, these channels are dangerous because the system neither authorizes nor detects the unauthorized transmission. This lack of awareness means security tools focused on network traffic or file permissions may completely miss the leak, leaving sensitive data exposed through unexpected side channels in your own application logic or platform dependencies.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-514

Ainda não há referências CVE públicas associadas a este CWE no catálogo da MITRE.

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    In this example, the attacker observes how long an authentication takes when the user types in the correct password.

  2. 2

    When the attacker tries their own values, they can first try strings of various length. When they find a string of the right length, the computation will take a bit longer, because the for loop will run at least once. Additionally, with this code, the attacker can possibly learn one character of the password at a time, because when they guess the first character right, the computation will take longer than a wrong guesses. Such an attack can break even the most sophisticated password with a few hundred guesses.

  3. 3

    Note that in this example, the actual password must be handled in constant time as far as the attacker is concerned, even if the actual password is of an unusual length. This is one reason why it is good to use an algorithm that, among other things, stores a seeded cryptographic one-way hash of the password, then compare the hashes, which will always be of the same length.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable Python

When the attacker tries their own values, they can first try strings of various length. When they find a string of the right length, the computation will take a bit longer, because the for loop will run at least once. Additionally, with this code, the attacker can possibly learn one character of the password at a time, because when they guess the first character right, the computation will take longer than a wrong guesses. Such an attack can break even the most sophisticated password with a few hundred guesses.

Vulnerável Python 
def validate_password(actual_pw, typed_pw): 
  		if len(actual_pw) <> len(typed_pw): 
  			return 0
  		for i in len(actual_pw): 
  			if actual_pw[i] <> typed_pw[i]: 
  				return 0
  		return 1
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo 
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-514

  • Architecture Use safe-by-default frameworks and APIs that prevent the unsafe pattern from being expressible.
  • Implementation Validate input at trust boundaries; use allowlists, not denylists.
  • Implementation Apply the principle of least privilege to credentials, file paths, and runtime permissions.
  • Testing Cover this weakness in CI: SAST rules + targeted unit tests for the data flow.
  • Operation Monitor logs for the runtime signals listed in the next section.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-514

Architecture or Design Review SOAR Partial

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.)

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-514 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

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Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-514?

A covert channel is a hidden communication path that allows data to be transmitted in a way that bypasses the system's intended security controls and monitoring.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-514?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-514?

A MITRE não especificou as plataformas afetadas por este CWE — pode aplicar-se à maioria das stacks de aplicações.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-514?

Use safe-by-default frameworks, validate untrusted input at trust boundaries, and apply the principle of least privilege. Cover the data-flow signature in CI with SAST.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-514?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-514 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-514?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/514.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

Weaknesses related to CWE-514

CWE-1229 Pai

Creation of Emergent Resource

This vulnerability occurs when a system's normal operations unintentionally create new, exploitable resources that attackers can use to…

CWE-385 Filho

Covert Timing Channel

A covert timing channel is a security flaw where an attacker can deduce secret information by observing how long certain operations take…

CWE-515 Filho

Covert Storage Channel

A covert storage channel is a type of security flaw where one process secretly encodes data into a shared system resource (like a file,…

Recursos

Further reading

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