CWE-705 Classe Incompleto

Incorrect Control Flow Scoping

This vulnerability occurs when a program fails to return execution to the correct point in the code after finishing a specific operation or handling an error. Instead of resuming normal flow, it may…

Definição

What is CWE-705?

Incorrect control flow scoping is like a function not knowing where to go after it completes its job. Common causes include misusing return statements, incorrectly implementing callbacks, or improperly managing error handlers (like try/catch blocks). When the program's execution path doesn't correctly return to its calling context or a designated error-handling routine, it can leave the application in an inconsistent state, skip crucial security checks, or expose internal data. For developers, the main risk is that this flaw often creates subtle bugs that are hard to trace during testing but can be exploited in production. Attackers might manipulate error conditions or specific inputs to hijack the flawed control flow, potentially bypassing authentication, escalating privileges, or causing a crash. To prevent it, always ensure functions and error handlers have explicit, unambiguous return paths and that asynchronous callbacks correctly reintegrate into the main application logic.

Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-705

CVE-2023-21087

Java code in a smartphone OS can encounter a "boot loop" due to an uncaught exception
CVE-2014-1266

chain: incorrect "goto" in Apple SSL product bypasses certificate validation, allowing Adversary-in-the-Middle (AITM) attack (Apple "goto fail" bug). CWE-705 (Incorrect Control Flow Scoping) -> CWE-561 (Dead Code) -> CWE-295 (Improper Certificate Validation) -> CWE-393 (Return of Wrong Status Code) -> CWE-300 (Channel Accessible by Non-Endpoint).

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

1
The following example attempts to resolve a hostname.
2
A DNS lookup failure will cause the Servlet to throw an exception.
3
This code queries a server and displays its status when a request comes from an authorized IP address.
4
This code redirects unauthorized users, but continues to execute code after calling http_redirect(). This means even unauthorized users may be able to access the contents of the page or perform a DoS attack on the server being queried. Also, note that this code is vulnerable to an IP address spoofing attack (CWE-212).
5
Included in the doPost() method defined below is a call to System.exit() in the event of a specific exception.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable Java

The following example attempts to resolve a hostname.

Vulnerável Java

protected void doPost (HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException {
  	String ip = req.getRemoteAddr();
  	InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName(ip);
  	...
  	out.println("hello " + addr.getHostName());
  }

Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo

// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}

What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.

Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-705

Architecture Use safe-by-default frameworks and APIs that prevent the unsafe pattern from being expressible.
Implementation Validate input at trust boundaries; use allowlists, not denylists.
Implementation Apply the principle of least privilege to credentials, file paths, and runtime permissions.
Testing Cover this weakness in CI: SAST rules + targeted unit tests for the data flow.
Operation Monitor logs for the runtime signals listed in the next section.

Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-705

SAST High

Executar análise estática (SAST) na base de código à procura do padrão inseguro no fluxo de dados.

DAST Moderate

Executar testes dinâmicos de segurança de aplicações (DAST) contra o endpoint em execução.

Runtime Moderate

Monitorizar os registos em tempo de execução para traços de exceção invulgares, input malformado ou tentativas de contornar a autorização.

Code review Moderate

Revisão de código: sinalizar qualquer novo código que trate input desta superfície sem usar os ajudantes validados do framework.

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-705 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

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Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-705?

Qual a gravidade do CWE-705?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-705?

A MITRE não especificou as plataformas afetadas por este CWE — pode aplicar-se à maioria das stacks de aplicações.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-705?

Use safe-by-default frameworks, validate untrusted input at trust boundaries, and apply the principle of least privilege. Cover the data-flow signature in CI with SAST.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-705?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-705 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-705?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/705.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

Weaknesses related to CWE-705

CWE-691 Pai

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This vulnerability occurs when a program's execution flow isn't properly managed, allowing attackers to bypass critical checks, trigger…

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Sequence of Processor Instructions Leads to Unexpected Behavior

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CWE-430 Irmão

Deployment of Wrong Handler

This vulnerability occurs when a system incorrectly assigns or routes an object to the wrong processing component.

CWE-431 Irmão

Missing Handler

This vulnerability occurs when a software component lacks the necessary code to properly handle an error or unexpected event.

CWE-662 Irmão

Improper Synchronization

This vulnerability occurs when a multi-threaded or multi-process application allows shared resources to be accessed by multiple threads or…

CWE-670 Irmão

Always-Incorrect Control Flow Implementation

This weakness occurs when a section of code is structured in a way that always executes incorrectly, regardless of input or conditions.…

CWE-696 Irmão

Incorrect Behavior Order

This weakness occurs when a system executes multiple dependent actions in the wrong sequence, leading to unexpected and potentially…

Recursos

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