CWE-1313 Base Rascunho

Hardware Allows Activation of Test or Debug Logic at Runtime

This vulnerability occurs when hardware includes test or debug features that remain accessible during normal operation. An attacker can activate these features at runtime to alter the hardware's…

Definição

What is CWE-1313?

This vulnerability occurs when hardware includes test or debug features that remain accessible during normal operation. An attacker can activate these features at runtime to alter the hardware's state, bypass security controls, and potentially leak or manipulate sensitive data.
Attackers exploit this weakness by accessing hardware test modes—like debug interfaces or error injection circuits—that were intended only for development or manufacturing. Once activated, these features can grant unauthorized read/write access to system memory, registers, or buses, allowing an adversary to directly modify the device's behavior or extract secrets. For example, an accessible debug mode might let an attacker intercept or alter data on a communication bus, leading to malicious message injection. Similarly, runtime error injection could corrupt cryptographic operations or expose keys. These capabilities effectively create backdoors that compromise both system integrity and data confidentiality.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1313

  • CVE-2021-33150

    Hardware processor allows activation of test or debug logic at runtime.

  • CVE-2021-0146

    Processor allows the activation of test or debug logic at runtime, allowing escalation of privileges

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    Identificar um caminho de código que trata input não confiável sem validação.

  2. 2

    Criar um payload que explora o comportamento inseguro — injeção, traversal, overflow ou abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Entregar o payload através de um pedido normal e observar a reação da aplicação.

  4. 4

    Iterar até que a resposta exponha dados, execute código do atacante ou escale privilégios.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable pseudo

A MITRE não publicou um exemplo de código para este CWE. O padrão abaixo é ilustrativo — consulte os Recursos para referências canónicas.

Vulnerável pseudo 
// Example pattern — see MITRE for the canonical references.
function handleRequest(input) {
  // Untrusted input flows directly into the sensitive sink.
  return executeUnsafe(input);
}
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo 
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-1313

  • Architecture and Design Insert restrictions on when the hardware's test or debug features can be activated. For example, during normal operating modes, the hardware's privileged modes that allow access to such features cannot be activated. Configuring the hardware to only enter a test or debug mode within a window of opportunity such as during boot or configuration stage. The result is disablement of such test/debug features and associated modes during normal runtime operations.
  • Implementation Insert restrictions on when the hardware's test or debug features can be activated. For example, during normal operating modes, the hardware's privileged modes that allow access to such features cannot be activated. Configuring the hardware to only enter a test or debug mode within a window of opportunity such as during boot or configuration stage. The result is disablement of such test/debug features and associated modes during normal runtime operations.
  • Integration Insert restrictions on when the hardware's test or debug features can be activated. For example, during normal operating modes, the hardware's privileged modes that allow access to such features cannot be activated. Configuring the hardware to only enter a test or debug mode within a window of opportunity such as during boot or configuration stage. The result is disablement of such test/debug features and associated modes during normal runtime operations.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-1313

SAST High

Executar análise estática (SAST) na base de código à procura do padrão inseguro no fluxo de dados.

DAST Moderate

Executar testes dinâmicos de segurança de aplicações (DAST) contra o endpoint em execução.

Runtime Moderate

Monitorizar os registos em tempo de execução para traços de exceção invulgares, input malformado ou tentativas de contornar a autorização.

Code review Moderate

Revisão de código: sinalizar qualquer novo código que trate input desta superfície sem usar os ajudantes validados do framework.

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-1313 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

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Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-1313?

This vulnerability occurs when hardware includes test or debug features that remain accessible during normal operation. An attacker can activate these features at runtime to alter the hardware's state, bypass security controls, and potentially leak or manipulate sensitive data.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-1313?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-1313?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Not OS-Specific, Not Architecture-Specific, Not Technology-Specific.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-1313?

Insert restrictions on when the hardware's test or debug features can be activated. For example, during normal operating modes, the hardware's privileged modes that allow access to such features cannot be activated. Configuring the hardware to only enter a test or debug mode within a window of opportunity such as during boot or configuration stage. The result is disablement of such test/debug features and associated modes during normal runtime operations. Insert restrictions on when the…

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-1313?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-1313 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-1313?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1313.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

Weaknesses related to CWE-1313

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Recursos

Further reading

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