CWE-1426 Base Incompleto

Improper Validation of Generative AI Output

This vulnerability occurs when an application uses a generative AI model (like an LLM) but fails to properly check the AI's output before using it. Without this validation, the AI's responses might…

Definição

What is CWE-1426?

This vulnerability occurs when an application uses a generative AI model (like an LLM) but fails to properly check the AI's output before using it. Without this validation, the AI's responses might contain security flaws, harmful content, or data leaks that violate the application's intended policies.
Generative AI models are powerful but unpredictable. They can be tricked into producing malicious code, biased decisions, offensive content, or sensitive training data. If your application blindly trusts and acts on these outputs, it can lead to injection attacks, compliance violations, or data breaches. You must implement robust validation checks—like content filtering, code sanitization, and policy enforcement—on every AI response before it's processed further. Continuously monitoring for these validation failures across all your AI-integrated services is a complex challenge. An ASPM platform like Plexicus can automatically detect these flaws in your runtime environment, while its AI-powered remediation provides specific fixes to harden your validation logic, ensuring your AI features remain secure and reliable.
Impacto no mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-1426

  • CVE-2024-3402

    chain: GUI for ChatGPT API performs input validation but does not properly "sanitize" or validate model output data (CWE-1426), leading to XSS (CWE-79).

Como os atacantes a exploram

Trajeto do atacante passo a passo

  1. 1

    Identificar um caminho de código que trata input não confiável sem validação.

  2. 2

    Criar um payload que explora o comportamento inseguro — injeção, traversal, overflow ou abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Entregar o payload através de um pedido normal e observar a reação da aplicação.

  4. 4

    Iterar até que a resposta exponha dados, execute código do atacante ou escale privilégios.

Exemplo de código vulnerável

Vulnerable pseudo

A MITRE não publicou um exemplo de código para este CWE. O padrão abaixo é ilustrativo — consulte os Recursos para referências canónicas.

Vulnerável pseudo 
// Example pattern — see MITRE for the canonical references.
function handleRequest(input) {
  // Untrusted input flows directly into the sensitive sink.
  return executeUnsafe(input);
}
Exemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo 
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de verificação de prevenção

How to prevent CWE-1426

  • Architecture and Design Since the output from a generative AI component (such as an LLM) cannot be trusted, ensure that it operates in an untrusted or non-privileged space.
  • Operation Use "semantic comparators," which are mechanisms that provide semantic comparison to identify objects that might appear different but are semantically similar.
  • Operation Use components that operate externally to the system to monitor the output and act as a moderator. These components are called different terms, such as supervisors or guardrails.
  • Build and Compilation During model training, use an appropriate variety of good and bad examples to guide preferred outputs.
Sinais de deteção

How to detect CWE-1426

Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation

Use known techniques for prompt injection and other attacks, and adjust the attacks to be more specific to the model or system.

Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation

Use known techniques for prompt injection and other attacks, and adjust the attacks to be more specific to the model or system.

Architecture or Design Review

Review of the product design can be effective, but it works best in conjunction with dynamic analysis.

Correção automática do Plexicus

O Plexicus deteta automaticamente o CWE-1426 e abre um PR de correção em menos de 60 segundos.

O Codex Remedium analisa cada commit, identifica esta fraqueza exata e entrega um pull request pronto para revisão com o patch. Sem tickets. Sem transferências.

Obter uma demonstração Experimente o Plexicus gratuitamente
Perguntas frequentes

Frequently asked questions

O que é o CWE-1426?

This vulnerability occurs when an application uses a generative AI model (like an LLM) but fails to properly check the AI's output before using it. Without this validation, the AI's responses might contain security flaws, harmful content, or data leaks that violate the application's intended policies.

Qual a gravidade do CWE-1426?

A MITRE não publicou uma classificação de probabilidade de exploração para esta fraqueza. Trate-a como impacto médio até o seu modelo de ameaças provar o contrário.

Que linguagens ou plataformas são afetadas pelo CWE-1426?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Not Architecture-Specific, AI/ML, Not Technology-Specific.

Como posso prevenir o CWE-1426?

Since the output from a generative AI component (such as an LLM) cannot be trusted, ensure that it operates in an untrusted or non-privileged space. Use "semantic comparators," which are mechanisms that provide semantic comparison to identify objects that might appear different but are semantically similar.

Como é que o Plexicus deteta e corrige o CWE-1426?

O motor SAST do Plexicus correlaciona a assinatura de fluxo de dados do CWE-1426 em cada commit. Quando é encontrada uma correspondência, o nosso agente Codex Remedium abre um PR de correção com o código corrigido, testes e um resumo de uma linha para o revisor.

Onde posso saber mais sobre o CWE-1426?

A MITRE publica a definição canónica em https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1426.html. Pode também consultar a documentação da OWASP e do NIST para orientações adjacentes.

Fraquezas relacionadas

Weaknesses related to CWE-1426

CWE-707 Pai

Improper Neutralization

This vulnerability occurs when an application fails to properly validate or sanitize structured data before it's received from an external…

CWE-116 Irmão

Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output

This vulnerability occurs when an application builds a structured message—like a query, command, or request—for another component but…

CWE-138 Irmão

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements

This vulnerability occurs when an application accepts external input but fails to properly sanitize special characters or syntax that have…

CWE-170 Irmão

Improper Null Termination

This weakness occurs when software fails to properly end a string or array with the required null character or equivalent terminator.

CWE-172 Irmão

Encoding Error

This vulnerability occurs when software incorrectly transforms data between different formats, leading to corrupted or misinterpreted…

CWE-182 Irmão

Collapse of Data into Unsafe Value

This vulnerability occurs when an application's data filtering or transformation process incorrectly merges or simplifies information,…

CWE-20 Irmão

Improper Input Validation

This vulnerability occurs when an application accepts data from an external source but fails to properly verify that the data is safe and…

CWE-228 Irmão

Improper Handling of Syntactically Invalid Structure

This vulnerability occurs when software fails to properly reject or process input that doesn't follow the expected format or structure,…

CWE-240 Irmão

Improper Handling of Inconsistent Structural Elements

This vulnerability occurs when a system fails to properly manage situations where related data structures or elements should match but are…

Recursos

Further reading

Pronto quando você estiver

Pare de pagar por desenvolvedor.
Comece a fechar o ciclo.

O Plexicus é o ASPM nativo de IA que verifica, filtra, corrige, pentesta e explica — de forma autónoma. Programadores ilimitados, repos ilimitados, ações de IA de utilização justa. Nível gratuito real, €269/mo anual quando estiver pronto.

Começar grátis Reservar uma demo