CWE-547 Base Borrador

Use of Hard-coded, Security-relevant Constants

This vulnerability occurs when code directly embeds security-critical values like passwords, cryptographic keys, or access levels as raw numbers or strings, instead of using named constants or…

Definición

What is CWE-547?

This vulnerability occurs when code directly embeds security-critical values like passwords, cryptographic keys, or access levels as raw numbers or strings, instead of using named constants or configuration files. This practice makes the code brittle and error-prone during updates or security reviews.
Hard-coding security values creates a maintenance nightmare. If a secret needs to be rotated or a permission level changed, developers must hunt through the entire codebase for every occurrence. Missing just one instance can introduce a security gap or break functionality. Once software is deployed, updating these embedded values often requires a full re-release, which may not even be possible in some environments. These constants also risk exposure if the code is ever leaked or reverse-engineered, turning a simple configuration change into a major breach. While SAST tools can flag the pattern, Plexicus uses AI to not only detect these hard-coded secrets but also suggest the specific code fix—like moving the value to a secure configuration manager—saving hours of manual refactoring and reducing human error.
Impacto en el mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-547

Todavía no hay CVEs públicos enlazados a esta CWE en el catálogo de MITRE.

Cómo lo explotan los atacantes

Ruta del atacante paso a paso

  1. 1

    The usage of symbolic names instead of hard-coded constants is preferred.

  2. 2

    The following is an example of using a hard-coded constant instead of a symbolic name.

  3. 3

    If the buffer value needs to be changed, then it has to be altered in more than one place. If the developer forgets or does not find all occurrences, in this example it could lead to a buffer overflow.

  4. 4

    In this example the developer will only need to change one value and all references to the buffer size are updated, as a symbolic name is used instead of a hard-coded constant.

Ejemplo de código vulnerable

Vulnerable C

The following is an example of using a hard-coded constant instead of a symbolic name.

Vulnerable C 
char buffer[1024];
  ...
  fgets(buffer, 1024, stdin);
Ejemplo de código seguro

Secure C

If the buffer value needs to be changed, then it has to be altered in more than one place. If the developer forgets or does not find all occurrences, in this example it could lead to a buffer overflow.

Seguro C 
enum { MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 };
  ...
  char buffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
  ...
  fgets(buffer, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE, stdin);
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de prevención

How to prevent CWE-547

  • Implementation Avoid using hard-coded constants. Configuration files offer a more flexible solution.
Señales de detección

How to detect CWE-547

Automated Static Analysis High

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Auto-corrección de Plexicus

Plexicus detecta automáticamente CWE-547 y abre un PR de corrección en menos de 60 segundos.

Codex Remedium escanea cada commit, identifica esta debilidad concreta y entrega un pull request listo para revisión con el parche. Sin tickets. Sin traspasos.

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Preguntas frecuentes

Frequently asked questions

¿Qué es CWE-547?

This vulnerability occurs when code directly embeds security-critical values like passwords, cryptographic keys, or access levels as raw numbers or strings, instead of using named constants or configuration files. This practice makes the code brittle and error-prone during updates or security reviews.

¿Qué gravedad tiene CWE-547?

MITRE no ha publicado una calificación de probabilidad de explotación para esta debilidad. Trátala como de impacto medio hasta que tu modelo de amenazas demuestre lo contrario.

¿Qué lenguajes o plataformas se ven afectados por CWE-547?

MITRE no ha especificado plataformas afectadas para esta CWE — puede aplicar a la mayoría de los stacks de aplicaciones.

¿Cómo puedo prevenir CWE-547?

Avoid using hard-coded constants. Configuration files offer a more flexible solution.

¿Cómo detecta y corrige Plexicus CWE-547?

El motor SAST de Plexicus detecta la firma de flujo de datos para CWE-547 en cada commit. Cuando hay coincidencia, nuestro agente Codex Remedium abre un PR de corrección con el código corregido, las pruebas y un resumen de una línea para el revisor.

¿Dónde puedo aprender más sobre CWE-547?

MITRE publica la definición canónica en https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/547.html. También puedes consultar la documentación de OWASP y NIST para guías relacionadas.

Debilidades relacionadas

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Recursos

Further reading

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