CWE-586 Base Borrador

Explicit Call to Finalize()

This vulnerability occurs when code directly calls an object's finalize() method from outside its designated finalizer context.

Definición

What is CWE-586?

This vulnerability occurs when code directly calls an object's finalize() method from outside its designated finalizer context.
Although the Java language specification technically permits calling an object's finalize() method explicitly, this practice is strongly discouraged and often leads to unexpected behavior. The primary issue is that it forces the finalization routine to execute prematurely, outside the control of the garbage collector, which can corrupt the object's state and break standard cleanup logic. Explicitly invoking finalize() typically causes the method to run multiple times: once during the manual call and again later when the garbage collector naturally disposes of the object. This double execution can trigger resource leaks, double-free errors, or other instability because cleanup code is not designed to be idempotent. Developers should rely on the garbage collector to manage finalization automatically and use try-with-resources or explicit close() methods for deterministic cleanup instead.
Impacto en el mundo real

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-586

Todavía no hay CVEs públicos enlazados a esta CWE en el catálogo de MITRE.

Cómo lo explotan los atacantes

Ruta del atacante paso a paso

  1. 1

    Identifica una ruta de código que maneje entrada no confiable sin validación.

  2. 2

    Crea un payload que ejercite el comportamiento inseguro — inyección, traversal, overflow o abuso de lógica.

  3. 3

    Envía el payload a través de una solicitud normal y observa la reacción de la aplicación.

  4. 4

    Itera hasta que la respuesta filtre datos, ejecute código del atacante o escale privilegios.

Ejemplo de código vulnerable

Vulnerable Java

The following code fragment calls finalize() explicitly:

Vulnerable Java
```
// time to clean up* 
  widget.finalize();
Ejemplo de código seguro

Secure pseudo

Seguro pseudo
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Lista de prevención

How to prevent CWE-586

  • Implementation / Testing Do not make explicit calls to finalize(). Use static analysis tools to spot such instances.
Señales de detección

How to detect CWE-586

Automated Static Analysis High

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Auto-corrección de Plexicus

Plexicus detecta automáticamente CWE-586 y abre un PR de corrección en menos de 60 segundos.

Codex Remedium escanea cada commit, identifica esta debilidad concreta y entrega un pull request listo para revisión con el parche. Sin tickets. Sin traspasos.

Preguntas frecuentes

Frequently asked questions

¿Qué es CWE-586?

This vulnerability occurs when code directly calls an object's finalize() method from outside its designated finalizer context.

¿Qué gravedad tiene CWE-586?

MITRE no ha publicado una calificación de probabilidad de explotación para esta debilidad. Trátala como de impacto medio hasta que tu modelo de amenazas demuestre lo contrario.

¿Qué lenguajes o plataformas se ven afectados por CWE-586?

MITRE lists the following affected platforms: Java.

¿Cómo puedo prevenir CWE-586?

Do not make explicit calls to finalize(). Use static analysis tools to spot such instances.

¿Cómo detecta y corrige Plexicus CWE-586?

El motor SAST de Plexicus detecta la firma de flujo de datos para CWE-586 en cada commit. Cuando hay coincidencia, nuestro agente Codex Remedium abre un PR de corrección con el código corregido, las pruebas y un resumen de una línea para el revisor.

¿Dónde puedo aprender más sobre CWE-586?

MITRE publica la definición canónica en https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/586.html. También puedes consultar la documentación de OWASP y NIST para guías relacionadas.

Debilidades relacionadas

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